CentOS7系统部署Jupyter全流程解析

环境准备与依赖安装

1. 更新系统组件：sudo yum update -y

2. 安装EPEL扩展源：sudo yum install epel-release -y

3. 安装Python3开发套件：sudo yum install python3-devel -y

Python虚拟环境配置

创建隔离环境：python3 -m venv ~/jupyter_env

激活虚拟环境：source ~/jupyter_env/bin/activate

Jupyter核心组件安装

升级pip工具：pip install --upgrade pip

安装JupyterLab：pip install jupyterlab

安装Notebook扩展：pip install notebook

SSL安全证书生成

创建证书目录：mkdir ~/ssl && cd ~/ssl

生成密钥文件：openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout jupyter.key -out jupyter.pem

配置文件定制

生成初始配置：jupyter notebook --generate-config

修改关键参数：

c.NotebookApp.certfile = '/home/username/ssl/jupyter.pem'
c.NotebookApp.keyfile = '/home/username/ssl/jupyter.key'
c.NotebookApp.ip = 'localhost'
c.NotebookApp.open_browser = False
c.NotebookApp.port = 8888

系统服务配置

创建服务文件：sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/jupyter.service

[Unit]
Description=Jupyter Notebook

[Service]
User=username
WorkingDirectory=/home/username
ExecStart=/home/username/jupyter_env/bin/jupyter-lab --config=/home/username/.jupyter/jupyter_notebook_config.py
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

防火墙配置与启动验证

开放指定端口：sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=8888/tcp

重载防火墙规则：sudo firewall-cmd --reload

启动服务：sudo systemctl enable --now jupyter.service

验证状态：sudo systemctl status jupyter.service

访问与安全强化

浏览器访问：https://服务器IP:8888

设置访问密码：jupyter notebook password

建议配置Nginx反向代理提升安全性